Chemistry and texture of the rocks at Rocknest, Gale Crater: Evidence for sedimentary origin and diagenetic alteration
Identifieur interne : 003E43 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003E42; suivant : 003E44Chemistry and texture of the rocks at Rocknest, Gale Crater: Evidence for sedimentary origin and diagenetic alteration
Auteurs : D. L. Blaney [États-Unis] ; R. C. Wiens [États-Unis] ; S. Maurice [France] ; S. M. Clegg [États-Unis] ; R. B. Anderson [États-Unis] ; L. C. Kah [États-Unis] ; S. Le Mouélic [France] ; A. Ollila [États-Unis] ; N. Bridges [États-Unis] ; R. Tokar [États-Unis] ; G. Berger [France] ; J. C. Bridges [Royaume-Uni] ; A. Cousin [États-Unis] ; B. Clark [États-Unis] ; M. D. Dyar [États-Unis] ; P. L. King [Australie] ; N. Lanza [États-Unis] ; N. Mangold [France] ; P. Meslin [France] ; H. Newsom [États-Unis] ; S. Schröder [France] ; S. Rowland [États-Unis] ; J. Johnson [États-Unis] ; L. Edgar [États-Unis] ; O. Gasnault [France] ; O. Forni [France] ; M. Schmidt [Canada] ; W. Goetz [Allemagne] ; K. Stack [États-Unis] ; D. Sumner [États-Unis] ; M. Fisk [États-Unis] ; M. B. Madsen [Danemark]Source :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets [ 2169-9097 ] ; 2014-09.
Abstract
A suite of eight rocks analyzed by the Curiosity Rover while it was stopped at the Rocknest sand ripple shows the greatest chemical divergence of any potentially sedimentary rocks analyzed in the early part of the mission. Relative to average Martian soil and to the stratigraphically lower units encountered as part of the Yellowknife Bay formation, these rocks are significantly depleted in MgO, with a mean of 1.3 wt %, and high in Fe, averaging over 20 wt % FeOT, with values between 15 and 26 wt % FeOT. The variable iron and low magnesium and rock texture make it unlikely that these are igneous rocks. Rock surface textures range from rough to smooth, can be pitted or grooved, and show various degrees of wind erosion. Some rocks display poorly defined layering while others seem to show possible fractures. Narrow vertical voids are present in Rocknest 3, one of the rocks showing the strongest layering. Rocks in the vicinity of Rocknest may have undergone some diagenesis similar to other rocks in the Yellowknife Bay Formation as indicated by the presence of soluble calcium phases. The most reasonable scenario is that fine‐grained sediments, potentially a mixture of feldspar‐rich rocks from Bradbury Rise and normal Martian soil, were lithified together by an iron‐rich cement.
Url:
DOI: 10.1002/2013JE004590
Affiliations:
- Allemagne, Australie, Canada, Danemark, France, Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Hovedstaden, Midi-Pyrénées, Occitanie (région administrative), Pays de la Loire
- Copenhague, Nantes, Toulouse
- Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
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- to stream Istex, to step Checkpoint: 000167
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Meslin</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UPS‐OMP; Institute de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Newsom, H" sort="Newsom, H" uniqKey="Newsom H" first="H." last="Newsom">H. Newsom</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Meteoritics, University of New Mexico, New Mexico, Albuquerque</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Albuquerque</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schroder, S" sort="Schroder, S" uniqKey="Schroder S" first="S." last="Schröder">S. Schröder</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UPS‐OMP; Institute de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rowland, S" sort="Rowland, S" uniqKey="Rowland S" first="S." last="Rowland">S. Rowland</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>SOEST, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Hawaii, Honolulu</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Honolulu</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, J" sort="Johnson, J" uniqKey="Johnson J" first="J." last="Johnson">J. Johnson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Maryland, Laurel</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Laurel</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edgar, L" sort="Edgar, L" uniqKey="Edgar L" first="L." last="Edgar">L. Edgar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Arizona, Tempe</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tempe</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gasnault, O" sort="Gasnault, O" uniqKey="Gasnault O" first="O." last="Gasnault">O. Gasnault</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UPS‐OMP; Institute de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Forni, O" sort="Forni, O" uniqKey="Forni O" first="O." last="Forni">O. Forni</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>UPS‐OMP; Institute de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planetologie, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, M" sort="Schmidt, M" uniqKey="Schmidt M" first="M." last="Schmidt">M. Schmidt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Earth Sciences, Brock University, Ontario, St. Catharines</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>St. Catharines</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Goetz, W" sort="Goetz, W" uniqKey="Goetz W" first="W." last="Goetz">W. Goetz</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Max‐Planck‐Institut für Sonnensystemforschung, Katlenburg‐Lindau</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Katlenburg‐Lindau</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>Katlenburg‐Lindau</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stack, K" sort="Stack, K" uniqKey="Stack K" first="K." last="Stack">K. Stack</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>California Institute of Technology, California, Pasadena</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Pasadena</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sumner, D" sort="Sumner, D" uniqKey="Sumner D" first="D." last="Sumner">D. Sumner</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Geology, University of California, California, Davis</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Davis</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fisk, M" sort="Fisk, M" uniqKey="Fisk M" first="M." last="Fisk">M. Fisk</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Oregon, Corvallis</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Corvallis</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Madsen, M B" sort="Madsen, M B" uniqKey="Madsen M" first="M. B." last="Madsen">M. B. Madsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Niels Bohr Institute, Astrophysics and Planetary Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement><region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j" type="main">Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets</title><title level="j" type="alt">JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH: PLANETS</title><idno type="ISSN">2169-9097</idno><idno type="eISSN">2169-9100</idno><imprint><biblScope unit="vol">119</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">9</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="2109">2109</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="2131">2131</biblScope><biblScope unit="page-count">23</biblScope><date type="published" when="2014-09">2014-09</date></imprint><idno type="ISSN">2169-9097</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">2169-9097</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">A suite of eight rocks analyzed by the Curiosity Rover while it was stopped at the Rocknest sand ripple shows the greatest chemical divergence of any potentially sedimentary rocks analyzed in the early part of the mission. Relative to average Martian soil and to the stratigraphically lower units encountered as part of the Yellowknife Bay formation, these rocks are significantly depleted in MgO, with a mean of 1.3 wt %, and high in Fe, averaging over 20 wt % FeOT, with values between 15 and 26 wt % FeOT. The variable iron and low magnesium and rock texture make it unlikely that these are igneous rocks. Rock surface textures range from rough to smooth, can be pitted or grooved, and show various degrees of wind erosion. Some rocks display poorly defined layering while others seem to show possible fractures. Narrow vertical voids are present in Rocknest 3, one of the rocks showing the strongest layering. Rocks in the vicinity of Rocknest may have undergone some diagenesis similar to other rocks in the Yellowknife Bay Formation as indicated by the presence of soluble calcium phases. The most reasonable scenario is that fine‐grained sediments, potentially a mixture of feldspar‐rich rocks from Bradbury Rise and normal Martian soil, were lithified together by an iron‐rich cement.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>Danemark</li><li>France</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Hovedstaden</li><li>Midi-Pyrénées</li><li>Occitanie (région administrative)</li><li>Pays de la Loire</li></region><settlement><li>Copenhague</li><li>Nantes</li><li>Toulouse</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Blaney, D L" sort="Blaney, D L" uniqKey="Blaney D" first="D. L." last="Blaney">D. L. Blaney</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Anderson, R B" sort="Anderson, R B" uniqKey="Anderson R" first="R. B." last="Anderson">R. B. Anderson</name><name sortKey="Bridges, N" sort="Bridges, N" uniqKey="Bridges N" first="N." last="Bridges">N. Bridges</name><name sortKey="Clark, B" sort="Clark, B" uniqKey="Clark B" first="B." last="Clark">B. Clark</name><name sortKey="Clegg, S M" sort="Clegg, S M" uniqKey="Clegg S" first="S. M." last="Clegg">S. M. Clegg</name><name sortKey="Cousin, A" sort="Cousin, A" uniqKey="Cousin A" first="A." last="Cousin">A. Cousin</name><name sortKey="Dyar, M D" sort="Dyar, M D" uniqKey="Dyar M" first="M. D." last="Dyar">M. D. Dyar</name><name sortKey="Edgar, L" sort="Edgar, L" uniqKey="Edgar L" first="L." last="Edgar">L. Edgar</name><name sortKey="Fisk, M" sort="Fisk, M" uniqKey="Fisk M" first="M." last="Fisk">M. Fisk</name><name sortKey="Johnson, J" sort="Johnson, J" uniqKey="Johnson J" first="J." last="Johnson">J. Johnson</name><name sortKey="Kah, L C" sort="Kah, L C" uniqKey="Kah L" first="L. C." last="Kah">L. C. Kah</name><name sortKey="Lanza, N" sort="Lanza, N" uniqKey="Lanza N" first="N." last="Lanza">N. Lanza</name><name sortKey="Newsom, H" sort="Newsom, H" uniqKey="Newsom H" first="H." last="Newsom">H. Newsom</name><name sortKey="Ollila, A" sort="Ollila, A" uniqKey="Ollila A" first="A." last="Ollila">A. Ollila</name><name sortKey="Rowland, S" sort="Rowland, S" uniqKey="Rowland S" first="S." last="Rowland">S. Rowland</name><name sortKey="Stack, K" sort="Stack, K" uniqKey="Stack K" first="K." last="Stack">K. Stack</name><name sortKey="Sumner, D" sort="Sumner, D" uniqKey="Sumner D" first="D." last="Sumner">D. Sumner</name><name sortKey="Tokar, R" sort="Tokar, R" uniqKey="Tokar R" first="R." last="Tokar">R. Tokar</name><name sortKey="Wiens, R C" sort="Wiens, R C" uniqKey="Wiens R" first="R. C." last="Wiens">R. C. Wiens</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Occitanie (région administrative)"><name sortKey="Maurice, S" sort="Maurice, S" uniqKey="Maurice S" first="S." last="Maurice">S. Maurice</name></region><name sortKey="Berger, G" sort="Berger, G" uniqKey="Berger G" first="G." last="Berger">G. Berger</name><name sortKey="Forni, O" sort="Forni, O" uniqKey="Forni O" first="O." last="Forni">O. Forni</name><name sortKey="Gasnault, O" sort="Gasnault, O" uniqKey="Gasnault O" first="O." last="Gasnault">O. Gasnault</name><name sortKey="Le Mouelic, S" sort="Le Mouelic, S" uniqKey="Le Mouelic S" first="S." last="Le Mouélic">S. Le Mouélic</name><name sortKey="Mangold, N" sort="Mangold, N" uniqKey="Mangold N" first="N." last="Mangold">N. Mangold</name><name sortKey="Meslin, P" sort="Meslin, P" uniqKey="Meslin P" first="P." last="Meslin">P. Meslin</name><name sortKey="Schroder, S" sort="Schroder, S" uniqKey="Schroder S" first="S." last="Schröder">S. Schröder</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bridges, J C" sort="Bridges, J C" uniqKey="Bridges J" first="J. C." last="Bridges">J. C. Bridges</name></noRegion></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="King, P L" sort="King, P L" uniqKey="King P" first="P. L." last="King">P. L. King</name></noRegion></country><country name="Canada"><noRegion><name sortKey="Schmidt, M" sort="Schmidt, M" uniqKey="Schmidt M" first="M." last="Schmidt">M. Schmidt</name></noRegion></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Goetz, W" sort="Goetz, W" uniqKey="Goetz W" first="W." last="Goetz">W. Goetz</name></noRegion></country><country name="Danemark"><region name="Hovedstaden"><name sortKey="Madsen, M B" sort="Madsen, M B" uniqKey="Madsen M" first="M. B." last="Madsen">M. B. Madsen</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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